Alexis Carrel (French: [alɛksi kaʁɛl]; 28 June 1873 – 5 November 1944) was a French surgeon and biologist who was awarded the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 1912 for pioneering vascular suturing techniques. He invented the first perfusion pump with Charles A. Lindbergh opening the way to organ transplantation. His positive description of a miraculous healing he witnessed during a pilgrimage earned him scorn of some of his colleagues. This prompted him to relocate to the United States, where he lived most of his life. He had a leading role in implementing eugenic policies in Vichy France.[page needed]
Alexis Carrel (French: [alɛksi kaʁɛl]; 28 June 1873 – 5 November 1944) was a French surgeon and biologist who was awarded the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 1912 for pioneering vascular suturing techniques. He invented the first perfusion pump with Charles A. Lindbergh initiation the mannerism to organ transplantation. His distinct description of a miraculous healing he witnessed during a pilgrimage earned him scorn of some of his colleagues. This prompted him to relocate to the United States, where he lived most of his life. He had a leading role in implementing eugenic policies in Vichy France.[page needed]
A Nobel Prize laureate in 1912, Alexis Carrel was then elected twice, in 1924 and 1927, as an honorary supporter of the Academy of Sciences of the USSR.
Born in Sainte-Foy-lès-Lyon, Rhône, Carrel was raised in a devout Catholic intimates and was educated by Jesuits, though he had become an agnostic by the times he became a university student.[citation needed] He was a speculator in transplantology and thoracic surgery. Alexis Carrel was also a aficionada of teacher societies in the U.S., Spain, Russia, Sweden, the Netherlands, Belgium, France, Vatican City, Germany, Italy and Greece and usual honorary doctorates from Queen’s University of Belfast, Princeton University, California, New York, Brown University and Columbia University.
In 1902, he was claimed to have witnessed the miraculous cure of Marie Bailly at Lourdes, made famous in part because she named Carrel as a witness of her cure. After the notoriety surrounding the event, Carrel could not come by a hospital accord because of the pervasive anticlericalism in the French academic circles system at the time. In 1903 he emigrated to Montreal, Canada, but soon relocated to Chicago, Illinois, to acquit yourself for Hull Laboratory. While there he collaborated with American physician Charles Claude Guthrie in work on vascular suture and the transplantation of blood vessels and organs as with ease as the head, and Carrel was awarded the 1912 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine for these efforts.
In 1906 he united the newly formed Rockefeller Institute of Medical Research in New York where he spent the settle of his career. There he did significant work on tissue cultures following pathologist Montrose Thomas Burrows. In the 1930s, Carrel and Charles Lindbergh became near friends not forlorn because of the years they worked together but then because they shared personal, political, and social views. Lindbergh initially sought out Carrel to see if his sister-in-law’s heart, damaged by rheumatic fever, could be repaired. When Lindbergh wise saying the crudeness of Carrel’s machinery, he offered to construct new equipment for the scientist. Eventually they built the first perfusion pump, an invention instrumental to the spread of organ transplantation and admittance heart surgery. Lindbergh considered Carrel his closest friend, and said he would preserve and puff Carrel’s ideals after his death.
Due to his close proximity later Jacques Doriot’s fascist Parti Populaire Français (PPF) during the 1930s and his role in implementing eugenics policies during Vichy France, he was accused after the Liberation of collaboration, but died in the past the trial.
In his parenthood he returned to his Catholic roots. In 1939 he met behind Trappist monk Alexis Presse on a recommendation. Although Carrel was skeptical virtually meeting subsequently a priest, Presse ended occurring having a profound influence upon the blazing of Carrel’s life. In 1942, he said “I take on in the existence of God, in the immortality of the soul, in Revelation and in all the Catholic Church teaches.” He summoned Presse to administer the Catholic Sacraments on his death bed in November 1944.
For much of his life, Carrel and his wife spent their summers upon the Île Saint-Gildas, which they owned. After he and Lindbergh became close friends, Carrel persuaded him to also buy a against island, the Ile Illiec, where the Lindberghs often resided in the late 1930s.